Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: N. Murugesa Pandian Title: பழந்தமிழ் இலக்கியத்தில் விதிகளும் விலக்குகளும் Abstract: During the Sangam period, when tribal life was in decline, the Vedic religion introduced upper-lower distinctions based on the four castes. The Vedic religion, which emphasizes on the basis of law or dharma that there should be no mixing of castes, also emphasizes purity, impurity, and exclusion. When land became the property of men, women also became the property of men. The socio-economic and political conditions of that day, combined with sexual politics, created new rules for women. Tolkappiyar has recorded the fact that women's status in a property-owning society has become a matter of law. Keywords: Criticism, Sangam literature, Tolkappiyam, Thirukkural, Purananuru, Manu Dharma, Vedic Sanathanam, Four Varna Theory, Rules, Exemptions Journal: Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research Pages: 1-8 Volume: 10 Issue: 2 Year: 2025 Month: October File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/tamil/article/view/9808 File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/tamil/article/view/9808/8394 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:acg:sijtam:v:10:y:2025:i:2:p:1-8 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: N. Rathinakumar Title: தமிழ் நாவல்களில் பரதவர்களில் வாழ்வியல் Abstract: Fisherfolk constitute one of the major ethnic communities living in the southern districts. They are known by various names such as Parava, Fernando, Mukkuvar, and Nulayar. Literary evidence about them has been available since the Sangam period. Neythal Tinai poems are among the most renowned in ancient Tamil literature. ‘Senbagharaman Pallu’ is considered an important text that described the lives of fisherfolk during the medieval period. Even with the emergence of modern literature, fisherfolk have been discussed extensively. Notable works include Rajam Krishnan’s Alaivaaykaraiyile, Bodhi Sattva Maitreyava’s Sippiyin Vayittril Muthu, Vannanilavan’s Kadalpurathil, Thoppil Muhamuthu Meeran’s Oru Kadalora Kiramatthin Kathai and Thuraimugam, Ponneelan’s Thedal, Sridara Ganesan’s Vaangal, Joe D. Kurus’s Azhisuzh Ulagu and Korkai, Christopher Anthony’s Thuraivan, Kurumbanai Berlin’s novels, and Varithaya Constantine’s stories. These fictional works hold great significance. This paper examines the space given to fisherfolk in these narratives, their livelihood challenges, and cultural aspects. Keywords: Mukkuvar, Ethnography, Ethnic Communities, Values, Texts, Transgressions, Production Relations Journal: Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research Pages: 9-19 Volume: 10 Issue: 2 Year: 2025 Month: October File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/tamil/article/view/9809 File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/tamil/article/view/9809/8395 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:acg:sijtam:v:10:y:2025:i:2:p:9-19 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thakshayiny Paramadevan Title: பழமை பொருந்திய தெய்யம் நடனத்தின் ஆடல் சிறப்பு Abstract: Kerala is Often described as ‘Godswn Country’ a title that its natural beauty and cultural richness truly justify. Among India’s ancient art forms, Kerala holds a remarkable place for its traditional dances. The roors of many rural dance traditions such as Theyyam, Kolam, Thullal, Vettatullal, and Chittu Nadakam trace back to this land. One of the most distinctive and tural, is a rutulitic dance deeply interwined with Hindu coutoms and religious practices. It is not merely a dance but a sacred ritual performance. The art form is centered around the Weapons they once wielded. Histrocial references to smilar traditions can be found in ancient Tamil Sangam literature, where warrior worship was known as Velan veriyadal. Comparable traditions exist in other parts of India for instance the Thira dance of north India shares similarities with Theyyam in its performance style. Songs, Costumes, and heroes themes, signifying the cultural continuity of warrior workship throughtout the nation. In thew south canara region of Karnataka smilar ritual dances dedicatied to heroes and spirits are called Bhoota or Kola. Theyyam is beliveved to have originated over 1500 years ago. Its songs and rituals have been preserved through oral transmission across generations. Familes belonging to specific hereditary lineages perform Theyyam as part of their clan traditions, blending workship with community faith and creating unique cultural expressions. Theyyam performances are dedicated to divine beings, animals, ancestral spirits, and even diseases as as a form of spiritual offering. Like Kathakali and Kalaripayattu, Theyyam involves elaborate costumes, makeup, and symbolic colors. The performance consists of two main part: Kettum (the preparatoryritual) and Velattam (the dance of valor) Begin inning with solemn workshipand ending in an intense, trance-like climax, the dance evokes deep emotional and spiritual responses. The accompanying musical instruments, ritual songs, and dance movements blend harmoniously to create a powerful artistic and devotional experience. Theyyam festivals are typically held annually in rural ares, lasting from two to seven days. Keywords: Ritual Dance, Clantradition, Spiritpossession, Kettum, Velattam Journal: Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research Pages: 20-28 Volume: 10 Issue: 2 Year: 2025 Month: October File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/tamil/article/view/9810 File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/tamil/article/view/9810/8396 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:acg:sijtam:v:10:y:2025:i:2:p:20-28