Beneficiaries’ Satisfaction Towards the Public Distribution System (PDS) Among PHH and AAY Cardholders in the Selected Districts of Assam: A Survey-Based Study

Abstract

India’s Public Distribution System (PDS) plays an important role in the nation’s food security strategy, particularly for economically disadvantaged groups in rural regions. Although policy enhancements and digital interventions have been introduced, the system continues to struggling with the issues that reflect beneficiary satisfaction. This study aims to identify the key dimensions of beneficiary satisfaction and evaluates the satisfaction levels and influencing factors among PDS beneficiaries in two purposively selected districts of Assam, Barpeta and Kamrup (Rural), focusing on individuals holding Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) and Priority Household (PHH) ration cards. Data were gathered from 400 households through a structured survey Questionnaire. Using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), five critical dimensions of satisfaction were identified: (1) Administrative Processes and Pricing Transparency, (2) Entitlement Fulfillment and Availability, (3) Staff Conduct and Service Delivery, (4) Household Food Security and Grain Quality, and (5) Integrity and Documentation-Related Issues. Multiple regression results confirmed that all five factors significantly influenced overall satisfaction, with the strongest predictor being household food security and the perceived quality of grains. The study concludes with policy recommendations and highlights the need for future research focusing on longitudinal analysis and comparative studies across different Indian states to further explore regional disparities in PDS performance.