Consumption Expenditure Pattern of Scheduled Caste Households of Palakkad District

Abstract

Consumption expenditure is a key economic indicator that reflects the standard of living, priorities, and financial well-being of households. It serves as a measure of economic stability and social mobility, as spending patterns reveal disparities in access to resources, employment opportunities and government support. Understanding the consumption expenditure patterns of different socioeconomic groups, particularly marginalized communities such as Scheduled Castes (SCs), is crucial for assessing their economic position and policy needs. This study focuses on analyzing the consumption expenditure patterns of Scheduled Caste households in Palakkad district, Kerala, to understand their income allocation, spending priorities, and socio-economic challenges. This study helps assess whether these households have achieved financial stability or continue to struggle to meet their basic needs. A high proportion of expenditure on essential items may indicate economic vulnerability, whereas greater spending on education, healthcare, and productive investments suggests improved living standards and upward mobility. It also evaluates the effectiveness of government welfare measures, reservation policies, and development programs in enhancing the economic status of SC households. This study utilized both primary and secondary sources. This study used both primary and secondary data sources. Primary data were collected from the Palakkad district using a structured questionnaire. A total of 100 respondents were selected from the study area using an appropriate sampling method. The findings support evidence-based policymaking by identifying areas that require targeted interventions. If households face high expenditure burdens in education, healthcare, or essential consumption, policymakers can strengthen scholarships, health insurance, employment opportunities, and social security. Similarly, evidence of low savings or high indebtedness can guide financial literacy initiatives and improve access to affordable credit. The key findings revealed that despite a significant proportion of respondents being employed, they faced challenges such as low savings and limited financial security. Overall, the findings suggest the need for targeted interventions to improve income levels, financial literacy, access to government schemes, and the overall well-being of the Scheduled Caste community.