An Investigation into the Environmental Effects of Religious Tourism in Courtallam and its Neighbouring Areas in Tenkasi District

Abstract

This study explores the various environmental impacts of religious tourism in Courtallam, located in Tenkasi District. Known as the “Spa of South India,” Courtallam’s sacred waterfalls and temples attract hundreds of thousands of pilgrims each year, especially during the summer peak. While this influx provides significant economic benefits, it puts great pressure on the region’s fragile natural systems. The study concludes that the increasing number of tourists is approaching, and in some cases exceeding, the destination’s ecological capacity. It stresses the importance of shifting from mass religious tourism to a sustainable pilgrimage approach. The paper suggests several practical solutions, including creating and enforcing a comprehensive carrying capacity plan, investing in decentralized eco-friendly infrastructure, establishing reliable waste segregation and treatment systems, running on-going environmental awareness campaigns for pilgrims, and
promoting responsible tourism.